The Human Development Index has always been a suitable measure for measuring the effectiveness of economic growth and welfare measures. Reliable information from the second Pahlavi regime confirms that the level of the Human Development Index during that period was significantly lower than in the years following the victory of the Islamic Revolution. Meanwhile, the victory of the Islamic Revolution, by laying the foundation for good governance, has accelerated the scope of expectations for increasing human development. In other words, the occurrence of the Islamic Revolution and the formation of good and just governance have paved the way for an increase in the Human Development Index.Therefore, this article seeks to examine and answer the main question of what were the differences in the level of the human development index during the second Pahlavi period and after the Islamic Revolution, and what impact did the Islamic Revolution have on the development of this index? In this regard, a qualitative method of systematic document analysis was used to advance the research. The findings show that during the second Pahlavi period, the level of human development remained low; but after the Islamic Revolution, with the change in the governance paradigm towards distributive justice, comprehensive service provision, and investment in education and health, the human development index was in more favorable conditions